They are also reported as part of the microflora of male genital region, mostly in uncircumcised males. Coexistence of pityriasis versicolor and erythrasma. What is pityriasis versicolor pityriasis versicolor is a common yeast infection of the skin, in which flaky discoloured patches appear on the chest and back the term pityriasis is used to describe skin conditions in which the scale appears similar to bran. The distribution of lesions of pityriasis versicolor was mild in all patients. In tropical countries prevalence has been estimated to be as high as 3040%, whereas in the uk it is around 14%. Pityriasis versicolor guidelines bmj best practice. Pityriasis versicolor modern views on etiology, pathogenesis and therapy.
Tinea versicolor is skin infection with malassezia furfur that manifests as multiple asymptomatic scaly patches varying in color from white to tan to brown to pink. It is often mistaken for pityriasis versicolor and pityriasis alba. Penile shaft involvement in pityriasis versicolor r. Pityriasis versicolor pv, also known as tinea versicolor, is a common superficial fungal infection of the stratum corneum outer layer of the epidermis resulting from a change to the mycelial filamentous fungus or mould state of dimorphic yeasts of the genus malassezia. Tinea versicolor merck manuals professional edition. Dermatophytoses are infections caused by keratinophilic fungi known as dermatophytes. Successful treatment of pityriasis versicolor by photodynamic therapy mediated by methylene. Pityriasis versicolor tinea versicolor is a superficial chronic fungal infection caused by pityrisporum species which are normal inhabitants of the cutaneous flora. Factors that may predispose to tinea versicolor include heat and humidity and immunosuppression due to corticosteroids, pregnancy, undernutrition, diabetes, or other disorders. Occasionally, secondary hematogenic skin infections can occur in immunosup. This is a retrospective study of 232 patients, and a prospective survey of 48 patients, regarding susceptibility factors in tinea versicolor, particularly in association with seborrheic dermatitis. Doctor easily identify tinea versicolor by examining skin scrapings under the microscope. Tinea pityriasis versicolor stems from a fungal infection that occurs from overactive yeast on the skin.
Tinea versicolor is a common fungal skin infection affecting primarily healthy people caused by a fungus found on normal human skin. Pityriasis versicolor is one of the most frequent fungal cutaneous infections. The fungus malassezia furfur caused marked inflammation which was not limited to the stratum corneum but also affected other layers of the epidermis. Diagnosis is usually made clinically, based on characteristic skin lesions and the evoked scale sign when stretching or scraping the skin. Propionibacterium acnes and the pathogenesis of progressive.
After completing this article, readers should be able to. Jan 01, 2018 pityriasis rosea is a common selflimiting rash that usually starts with a herald patch on the trunk and progresses along the langer lines to a generalized rash over the trunk and limbs. The lipophilic yeasts belonging to the malassezia species are also associ ated with seborrheic and atopic eczema. In patients with a predisposition, tinea versicolor may chronically recur. If there is any doubt, the dermatologist will do one of the following to make an accurate diagnosis. Thioredoxin is a potential pathogenesis attribute of. The severity of the infection depends on the type of agent, environmental factors, and the host immunologic status. It typically starts with the development of a large erythematous scaly plaque also called the herald patch or mother patch on. Pdf pathogenesis of dermatophytosis and tinea versicolor. Look at the skin with a special device called a woods lamp.
Pityriasis versicolor tinea versicolor is a superficial fungal infection of the skin, appearing most commonly on the upper trunk, as well as on the upper arms, neck. Scaly, hypopigmented macules of pityriasis versicolor on the chest of a child. Elongation of the rete ridges and mild increased basal layer pigmentation as seen in acanthosis nigricans can sometimes be observed. They tend to develop gradually and may join up to form. There seems to be a genetic predisposition to develop tinea versicolor, the nature of which is poorly understood. Several steps are required for infection to take place find. These enzymes have been the subject of recent interest because they may be involved in the pathogenesis of clinical disease. Its also called pityriasis versicolor and is caused by a type of yeast that naturally lives on your skin. Jan 27, 2020 tinea versicolor or pityriasis versicolor is a common superficial cutaneous fungal infection characterized by pityriasiform desquamation and hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules formation, primarily located on the chest and back with tendency to spread. Delineate the characteristics of the classic form of pityriasis rosea.
In certain conditions, they can contribute to pathogenesis of some skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis, pityriasis tinea versicolor pv, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and folliculitis zomorodain et al. Malassezia is commensal of healthy skin, and it is most common in oily areas such as the face, scalp. Patients with this disorder often present with hypopigmented, hyperpigmented, or erythematous macules on the trunk and proximal upper extremities picture 1ae. Infeksi ini bersifat menahun, ringan dan biasanya tanpa peradangan. Minimal epidermal change with mild hyperkeratosis, follicular plugging and acanthosis oval yeast form and short curved hyphae 2.
Tinea versicolor is a condition characterized by a skin eruption on the trunk and proximal extremities. Overall, trials investigating the efficacy of therapeutic and prophylactic treatments for pityriasis versicolor are poorly reported and may be of low quality. Diagnosis is based on clinical appearance and potassium hydroxide wet mount of skin scrapings. Describe who is affected most commonly by pityriasis rosea and for how long. Guidelines of care for superficial mycotic infections of the skin.
It occurs in all races and has been described in many parts of the world. Pityriasis versicolor symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. Pityriasis versicolor pv is a chronic cutaneous fungal infection caused by. Pityriasis versicolor pv, also known as tinea versicolor, is caused by malassezia species. Although effective oral and topical treatment options exist, disease recurrence is common and pityriasis versicolor can have an impact on. It is essential for dermatologists to recognize it and offer an appropriate treatment. Tinea versicolor is caused by the malassezia spp yeasts, which are microorganisms that belong to normal biota in seborrheic areas, but some contributing factors, such as the application of oily preparations, creams, an increase in ambient humidity, corticosteroid abuse, or genetic predisposition can induce its overgrowth in both filamentous and. Tinea versicolor pityriasis versicolor medicinenet. Jul 08, 2016 pityriasis versicolor most commonly affects teenagers and young adults when the sebaceous glands are more active. On the question of the pathogenesis of pityriasis versicolor. Certain environmental, genetic, and immunological factors can predispose to this pathogenic conversion and contribute to the. The term pityriasis is used to describe skin conditions in which the scale appears similar to bran. Pathogenesis of dermatophytosis and tinea versicolor. The epidermis may show mild hyperkeratosis and acanthosis figure 2.
Protease, malassezia furfur, pityriasis versicolor, dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis introduction lipiddependent malassezia species have been reported to elaborate a range of enzymes. Tinea versicolor is a common, benign, superficial cutaneous fungal infection usually characterized by hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules and patches on the chest and the back. Though it doesnt lead to complications, the resulting scaly. Subsequently, various names have been given to this disorder such as pityriasis circinata, roseola annulata, and herpes tonsurans maculosus. Update on diagnosis and topical management of erythrasma. Antifungal treatment for pityriasis versicolor mdpi. Pityriasis versicolor international journal of contemporary medical. Pityriasis versicolor, sometimes called tinea versicolor, is a common fungal infection that causes small patches of skin to become scaly and discoloured. Patients may require emollient or mild topical steroid application for a few days following therapy. It is relatively common in hot, humid climates and mainly seen in the uk during spells of hot humid weather. Pityriasis versicolor is a chronic benign fungal infection frequently seen among young adults, more commonly in a tropical environment. Pityriasis rosea pr is a papulosquamous disorder first described by robert willan in 1798 but under another terminology.
Oct 08, 2019 pityriasis versicolor is an alternative name for tinea versicolor tv and one preferred by some specialists because tinea technically refers to nonyeast, dermatophyte fungal infections, the type of fungus that affects the body tinea corporis, commonly known as ringworm, feet tinea pedis, also called athletes foot, or groin tinea cruris. There are steps you can take to help as well, including. It needs to be differentiated from other atrophying disorders of the skin. Patches of skin may be darker or lighter than your normal skin colour, or may be red, brown or pink.
Several steps are required for infection to take place. The levels of oxidativenitrosative stress biomarkers were significantly higher in patients than the controls. Pityriasis versicolor is a common yeast infection of the skin, in which flaky discoloured patches appear on the chest and back. Tinea pityriasis versicolor statpearls ncbi bookshelf. Prime pubmed pityriasis versicolor journal articles from pubmed. Its caused when malassezia furfur population levels grow out of control. Pityriasis versicolor on the groin mimicking erythrasma. Pdf antifungal treatment for pityriasis versicolor researchgate. The content on the uptodate website is not intended nor recommended as a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Unlike other disorders utilizing the term tinea eg, tinea pedis, tinea capitis, tinea versicolor is not a dermatophyte infection. The fungal infection is localized to the stratum corneum.
May 22, 2018 tinea versicolor is a common, benign, superficial cutaneous fungal infection usually characterized by hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules and patches on the chest and the back. In 81 of 100 patients the lecithin level was 58 times higher than normal. Karakatsanis g, vakirlis e, kastoridou c, devliotoupanagiotidou d. Tinea versicolor is a fungal infection of the skin. Malassezia species are implicated in the pathogenesis of variety of skin infections such as pityriasis versicolor, malassezia folliculitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and, rarely, in a range of other dermatological disorders midgley 2000. Unlike other disorders utilizing the term tinea eg, tinea pedis, tinea capitis, tinea. Examination of scales from the lesions in pityriasis versicolor showed increased phospholipids, particularly lecithin.
A clinical and epidemiological study of pityriasis versicolor. Tinea versicolor is caused by the malassezia spp yeasts, which are microorganisms that. Tinea versicolor dermatologic disorders msd manual. Pityriasis tinea versicolor external link opens in a new window published by. The majority of tinea versicolor is caused by the fungus malassezia globosa, although malassezia furfur is responsible for a small number of cases. A clinical and epidemiological study of pityriasis versicolor srirath m kambil associate professor, department of dermatology, kannur medical college, anjarakandy, kannur, kerala, india to the mycelial phase pseudofilamentous parasitic form. It is caused by malassezia, a lipophilic dimorphic fungus. The evaluation of local oxidativenitrosative stress in. Pdf dermatophytoses are infections caused by keratinophilic fungi known as dermatophytes. Hypopigmentation in tinea versicolor is due to the inhibition of tyrosinase caused by m. Malassezia furfur is the primary causative agent of pityriasis versicolor, a skin disease in humans that causes either hyperpigmentation or hypopigmentation of the skin, scaly, slowgrowing skin, and itchiness.
Treatment with selenium sulfide may result in irritant dermatitis. Free publisher full textpmc free full textpmc free pdf. Data synthesis results of treatment and prevention of pityriasis versicolor infection in 8327 participants in 93 controlled trials were examined. Tinea versicolor ie, pityriasis versicolor is a common superficial fungal infection. A dermatologist can often look at the skin and tell whether a patient has tinea versicolor. The low power view of pityriasis versicolor is suggestive of a mild superficial perivascular inflammation pattern figure 1. Mar 04, 2010 pathogenesis of dermatophytosis and tinea versicolor. Tinea versicolor is a common fungal skin infection that can be easily treated by your physician. Tinea versicolor or pityriasis versicolor is a common superficial cutaneous fungal infection characterized by pityriasiform desquamation and hypopigmented or hyperpigmented macules formation, primarily located on the chest and back with tendency to spread. Tinea versicolor with regard to seborrheic dermatitis. The multiple colours of pityriasis versicolor give rise to the second part of the name, versicolor. Ben osman the malassezia yeasts are among the normal human cutaneous flora in adults.
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